Innovative and technological development as one of the priority issues of higher education institutions
Introduction
Recently, universities are experiencing a crisis. Since the role of universities among young people is decreasing, young people who have received General secondary education do not see the need to get a higher education, they believe that in order to master a particular specialty, it is enough to take courses online or offline and read a couple of books on the specialty. The main task of the university and higher education in General is to provide a person with extensive knowledge from various fields, so that a person develops a complete picture of the world and culture, as well as systematic and critical thinking. The main task of the university is to teach students to learn, and only then, in the last years, to give them the necessary skills for a certain field of activity. Therefore, university education should be extensive, and a narrow focus on the profession - only its completion.
Thus, the role of universities should not be underestimated, since they play an important role not only in the field of higher education itself, but also affect other important areas of life in modern society. However, this article defines the aspects and goals of the university in the innovation sector of the economy.
Tasks and challenges facing universities
The innovation process becomes more complex, and its stages overlap. In order for universities to earn money, it is necessary to link the University and the market and speed up the innovation process. To do this, at the earliest stage, it is necessary to create an environment in which ideas will be simultaneously created and selected. Thus, in the innovation and technology sector of the economy, the priority tasks of the University should include the following items: conducting research, various R&D, supplying high-tech products to the market, and initiating the creation of elements of innovative infrastructure. In this area, universities simultaneously have to cooperate and compete with the largest commercial state and non-state companies in the field of innovation. Industrial partners allow universities to raise funds through joint projects. The advantage of such cooperation is the practical focus of all innovative developments and research. The university receives the technological and production capabilities of the company, and the company, in turn, receives the results of research and innovative developments that can be implemented and used in production, which, ultimately, will lead to an increase in profits and the development of the innovative economy as a whole.
Innovative structure of universities
In 2017, the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation determined the winning universities in the competitive selection of higher education organizations to create University centers for innovation, technological and social development of regions within the framework of the priority project "Universities as centers of innovation creation space". The National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University was also among the winning universities.
For the implementation of university programs on innovation and technological development, universities create innovative infrastructure, so in TPU several specialized departments of the University work on this area at once, which allow you to bring developments to the stage of mass production, attract finance for the implementation of innovative projects at various stages:
· innovation and technology center;
· technology transfer center;
· student business incubator;
· Technology incubator of Tomsk Polytechnic University
In 2010, the "polygon of engineering entrepreneurship" was formed, which is part of the innovative infrastructure of TPU and implements a comprehensive approach to starting a business: from developing an idea to bringing a product or service to the market. In addition, the laboratory is engaged in a project to develop the innovative ecosystem of the region. The laboratory heads the program Directorate of the «U-NOVUS» Forum of young scientists, provides management of scientific and technical projects of the University, and interacts with industry organizations of business development (the Tomsk region entrepreneurship development Fund, the center for entrepreneurship of the USA-Russia, the International TRIZ Association, SOMAR, and SOVNET Project Management Association, Guild of marketers).
Since TPU has the status of a National Research University of resource-efficient technologies, one of the criteria for its successful development in the field of innovation and technological development is the number of small enterprises that are part of the innovation belt. In total, TPU has about 50 of them.
Conclusions
Future has already arrived and in order for universities to earn money and effectively transfer technologies and innovations, it is necessary to link the University and the market, speeding up the innovation process. Moreover, it is through this complex process, the aspects and main tasks of which were identified and studied in this article on the example of the National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, that the development of the innovative economy of Russia takes place.